To go through complicated steps titanium plate

Ilmenite becomes titanium tetrachloride, and then sealed into a stainless steel tank filled with argon gas , so that they react with metallic magnesium, get " titanium sponge ." This porous " sponge titanium" is not used directly , but also they must be melted into a liquid in an electric furnace to cast titanium ingots. However, the manufacture of such electric and talk about what easily ! In addition to the electric furnace and clean air must be pumped , the more vexing is that simply can not find a crucible containing liquid titanium , because the Ministry of General Refractories containing oxides , which will be taken from the liquid oxygen in titanium . Later, it was finally invented a " water-cooled copper crucible ," the electric stove. This is only a partial area of ​​the center of hot furnace , and the rest are cold , the titanium is melted in an electric furnace , the flow of water cooled copper crucible wall immediately cemented titanium ingots . This method has been used to produce several tons of titanium blocks, but it costs can imagine.

Color and state : silver gray metallic

Atomic radius: 2

Common valence: 2,3,4

Found by: Glenn Gore found Year: 1791

Discovery process :

Titanium is a British chemist Gregor (GregorRW ,1762-1817.) In the 1791 study found ilmenite and rutile . Four years later, in 1795 , the German chemist Klaproth (KlaprothMH ,1743-1817.) In the analysis of Hungary 's red rutile also found this element . He advocated for uranium named method ( in 1789 by the Klaproth discovered ) , a reference to Greek mythology, so once Protoss "Titans" is the name given to this new element named "Titanium". Chinese transliteration named their titanium .
Gregor and Klaproth titanium was found that powdered titanium dioxide, rather than titanium . Because the titanium oxide is extremely stable and can be directly heated in titanium compound with oxygen , nitrogen , hydrogen, carbon, and so the preparation of elemental titanium is difficult . Until 1910 was only U.S. chemist Hunt (HunterMA) first obtained the purity of the metal titanium 99.9 .
Element Description:

Having a metallic luster, ductility. Density 4.5 g / cm 3 . M.p. 1660 ± 10 ℃. The boiling point 3287 ℃. Valence of 2, 3 and 4 . Ionization energy of 6.82 eV. The main characteristic of titanium is density, mechanical strength, easy processing. Titanium plastic mainly rely on purity. The more pure titanium , the greater plasticity. Has good corrosion resistance, is not affected by the atmosphere and seawater . At room temperature , will not be corroded with dilute hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or dilute alkali solution ; Only hydrofluoric acid, hot concentrated hydrochloric acid , concentrated sulfuric acid before it effects .

Element Source :

Titanium are rare abundance in the earth's crust is the seventh with 0.42 . Mainly used for smelting titanium mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), rutile (TiO2) and perovskites and the like. Ore processed to obtain volatile titanium tetrachloride , and then restore the system magnesium titanium .

Elements Uses :

Titanium and titanium alloys for the aerospace industry a lot , the " space metal ," said ; addition, in the shipbuilding industry, chemical industry , manufacturing of mechanical components , telecommunications equipment , carbide and so has an increasingly wide range of applications .

The auxiliary data elements :

The main ore of titanium and ilmenite, rutile TiO2 FeTiO3, it is also found in the analysis comes from two ore . As early as 1791, British clergyman grid tired Gore , also a scientist , an analysis of the black ore produced in his diocese , which is today becoming ilmenite ore discovered a new metal material and named menacenite. Three years later, in 1795 , Hungary Klaproth analyzed Bowie Nick (Boinik) region produces rutile ,medical titanium bar which is familiar to a new metal oxide , with a revolt acid, alkali solution features borrowed earth in Greek mythology the first generation of the sons of the Titans Protoss Titans, named this metal is titanium, element symbols as Ti. Two years later, Klaproth confirmed tired Gore found menacenite grid is titanium.

Titanium for acids, bases with strong corrosion resistance , chemical production has become an important material.

Titanium is generally considered to be rare , in fact, it is content in the crust is quite large, so large than the average common metal zinc, copper , tin, even better than chlorine , phosphorus, are great.

Titanium smelting
Titanium was discovered in 1791 , and the first pure titanium was prepared in 1910 , the middle through a hundred years. The reason is: the nature of titanium at high temperatures is very lively, very easily and oxygen , nitrogen, carbon and other elements combined to extract titanium requires very harsh conditions.

Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys , purpose
Titanium is a silvery white metal that has many excellent properties. The density of titanium is 4.54g/cm3, 43 lighter than steel , lighter than the prestigious magnesium slightly heavier surgical implant titanium. Mechanical strength of steel but with almost the same , more than twice as large as aluminum , magnesium than five times . Titanium , high temperature, melting point 1942K, higher than gold near 1000K, higher than steel nearly 500K.