Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys

Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys

Titanium is a silvery white metal, it has many excellent performance. The density of titanium is 4.54g / cc, 43% lighter than steel, lighter than the prestigious magnesium slightly heavier. Mechanical strength of steel but with similar, more than twice as large as aluminum, magnesium than five times. Titanium, high temperature, the melting point of 1942K, higher than that of gold near 1000K, higher than that of steel nearly 500K.
Chemical properties of titanium are relatively active metal. Can be non-metallic effect with O2, N2, H2, S, and halogen when heated. However, at room temperature, dense titanium oxide surface protection film is easy to generate a very thin layer, can resist strong acid or aqua regia role, showing strong corrosion resistance. Thus, the general metal becomes riddled with acid, alkali, salt solution, and titanium are safe and sound.
Dissolve almost all of the liquid titanium metal, and a variety of metals can be formed alloy. Join prepared titanium steel titanium steel tough and elastic. Titanium metal Al, Sb, Be, Cr, Fe, etc. generated between interstitial compound or metal compound.
The same aircraft titanium alloy aircraft heavier than other metals contained more than 100 passengers. Made submarines, both seawater corrosion resistance, but also anti-deep pressure, the dive depth increased by 80% compared to stainless steel submarine. Meanwhile, titanium non-magnetic, not mine found, with good anti-guardianship role.
Titanium has a "pro-biotic" sex. In the human body, can resist corrosion and non-toxic secretions, adapt to any sterilization methods. It is widely used in making medical devices, making artificial hip, knee, shoulder, threatening joints, skull, active heart valves, bone clip. When a new package in these muscles annulus "titanium-bone", these titanium bone began to maintain the body's normal activities.
Titanium is widely distributed in the body, in an amount of normal body weight not more than 70kg per 15mg, its role is unclear. But titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells, so that the immune system has been proven to enhance this effect.
titanium target compounds and uses
Important titanium compounds include: medical titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), partial barium titanate (BaTiO3).
Pure titanium dioxide is white powder, is an excellent white pigment, trade name "Titanium White." It combines white lead (PbCO3) covering performance and zinc white (ZnO) lasting performance. Therefore, it is often added to titanium dioxide in the paint, white paint made from advanced; in the paper industry as a filler added to the pulp; the textile industry
Man-made fibers as a matting agent; glass, ceramic, enamel industry as additives to improve their performance; used as a catalyst in many chemical reactions. In today's growing chemical industry, titanium dioxide and titanium compounds as fine chemical products, with high added value, the prospects are very attractive.
Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless liquid; mp 250K, the boiling point of 409K, there are prepared odorous. It is in water or moist air are easily hydrolyzed, smoke a lot of white smoke.
TiCl4 + 3H2O == H2TiO3 + 4HCl
Therefore TiCl4 in the military as artificial aerosols, which are still used in marine warfare. In agriculture, people with TiCl4 ground fog formation, reducing heat loss at night the ground to protect the vegetables and crops from cold, frost damage.
The TiO2 and BaCO3 obtained partial melt together barium titanate:
TiO2 + BaCO3 == BaTiO3 ten CO2
Artificial obtained BaTiO3 having a high dielectric constant, the capacitor made therefrom has a larger capacity, more importantly BaTiO3 significant "piezoelectric properties", the crystal under pressure will produce electricity, a power, and changes shape. People put it in the ultrasound, which will produce a current pressure, the intensity can be measured by measuring the current intensity of the ultrasound. Almost all of the ultrasonic instrument should be used to it. With the development and utilization of titanates, which more and more widely used to make non-linear element, an amplifier medium, computer memory device, the mini-capacitors, electroplating materials, aerospace materials, magnetic, semiconductor materials, optical instruments, reagents, etc. .
Titanium, titanium alloys and titanium compounds excellent performance prompted urgent human needs them. However, high production costs, so the application is limited. We believe that in the near future, with the titanium smelting technology continues to improve and enhance the use of compounds of titanium, titanium and titanium will be greater development.