Titanium is a single substance, a mixture of titanium. So titanium has a more diverse nature and wide range of uses.
Concept definition Titanium: titanium-based alloy adding material titanium other elements of the alloy called titanium. Titanium has a low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, good process performance, etc., is an ideal structural materials in aerospace engineering.
Scope of the study: the structure of titanium and titanium alloys can be divided into heat resistant alloy, titanium alloy or α, β-type titanium alloy and α + β type titanium alloy. Coverage also includes forming technology titanium alloy powder metallurgy technology, rapid solidification, titanium alloy military and civilian fields.
Titanium is a new structural material, it has medical titanium excellent performance, such as low density (~ 4.5g · cm-3), high specific strength and fracture toughness, fatigue strength and resistance to crack propagation ability, good low-temperature toughness, excellent corrosion resistance, the maximum operating temperature of some titanium alloys to 550ºC, is expected to reach 700ºC. So it gets in the aviation, aerospace, chemical, shipbuilding and other industrial sectors increasingly widely used, is developing rapidly. (Σ0.2 / density) versus temperature of a light alloy, steel, etc., stronger than titanium alloys than other light metal, steels and nickel alloys, and this advantage can be maintained to about 500ºC, therefore suitable for the production of certain titanium alloy gas turbine parts. Approximately 80% of titanium production for the aviation and aerospace industries. Airframe structural materials such as the US B-1 bomber, the titanium about 21%, mainly for the manufacture of fuselage, wings, skins and bearing components. Airframe structural materials F-15 fighters, titanium with a capacity of 7000kg, about 34% weight of the structure. Structural parts of Boeing 757 aircraft, accounting for about 5% titanium, with a capacity of 3640 kg. McDonnell Douglas (Mc-Donnell-Dounlas) produced by DC10 aircraft, titanium alloy with a capacity of 5500kg, accounting for more than 10% of the weight of the structure. The amount of titanium in the chemical and general engineering areas:medical titanium alloy  the United States accounts for about 15% of its production in Europe accounts for about 40%. Due to the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium and its alloys, good mechanical properties, as well as qualified histocompatibility, making for the production of biological material prosthetic devices.

Titanium corrosion resistance, low density, high strength, medical titanium alloy resistance to seawater corrosion, machining, welding performance is good, and does not require heat treatment after welding, no heat affected zone embrittlement problem, as marine materials has broad prospects. Although very small quantities, but there are examples of titanium ship and get a high rating. Titanium titanium industry should strive to reduce costs and processing costs, and actively edited titanium design criteria and processing and shipbuilding skills and knowledge, and promote the application of titanium.
Titanium and steel as compared to very short history, has yet more than 100 years. But titanium is very rich in resources, in the form of TiO2 present in the ore into its reserves behind Al, Fe, Mg, ranking No. 4. Titanium is the first ship in the former Soviet Union in 1978 and 1983 made primary attack submarine, presumably under pressure hull is made of titanium. material titanium  The submarine water displacement of 2800t, underwater displacement of 3600t, diving depth of 600m. The first civilian titanium ship by Toho Titanium Company and third-party manufacturing rattan new shipyard competitive boats, launched in May 1985, registered in foreign countries. Ship boat length 17m, width 4m, height 2.5m, weight 2.8t. In addition to the cabin toughened plastic (FRP), all other made of titanium from the frame to the hull. Calculated according to the necessary strength, bottom selected 4mm-15mm thick titanium plate, deck thickness of 2.5mm titanium plates, ladder, steering wheel, and rudder shaft are also made of titanium rod.

The length of the inner diameter of the outer titanium rods diameter of the medical titanium drill by the sizing mill to determine. Medical Titanium After sizing, into the cooling tower through spray cooling, medical titanium plate after cooling, it will be straightened. Medical titanium belt sent by straightening metal detection machine (or hydrostatic test) for internal testing. If medical titanium internal cracks, bubbles and other problems will be detected. After medical titanium plate to go through stringent quality control titanium tube technology options. After medical titanium plate quality control, with the number of spray paint, standard, production batch number.

TC4 Titanium punching poor, thermoplastic good. titanium plate Can be various forms of welding, weld joint strength Scientology metal strength 90%. Mechanical processing performance is still good, need to use carbide cutting tools, large amount passes, slow, sufficient cooling. Good corrosion resistance, good titanium wire thermal stability. TC4 Titanium is one of the most widely used titanium alloy. Do parts of the following 400 ℃ long-term work.

China's production of titanium and titanium sheet price newly developed applications of titanium alloys in recent years and more, but many no national standards, such as TA8, TA8-1, TA9-1, TA11, TA15, TA17, TA18, TB5, TB6, TB8, TC4ELI individual plants agreements were signed within the different users, is not conducive to marketing applications. So the urgent need for national standards GB / T3621-94 be amended to add new brands. Titanium and titanium alloy plate products in large quantity mainly by GB / T3621-94, In recent years, with the expansion of foreign demand for China-made equipment, and international trade, the user with the foreign standard ASTM B265 standard orders is increasing. But in terms of chemical composition, mechanical properties, process performance to the test method titanium wires there are differences between the two standards, especially large titanium sheet, composition and performance differences. We need to be adjusted to suit the needs of the market.

Titanium is an important structural titanium plates metal in the 1950s developed, titanium because of its high strength, good corrosion resistance, and high heat resistance, it is widely used in various fields. Many countries recognize the importance of titanium alloy, have their research and development, and has been applied. 1950s and 1960s, mainly in the developing of high temperature titanium and titanium alloy airframe of the aircraft engine, developed in the 1970s a number of corrosion resistant alloy, since the 1980s, corrosion resistant titanium rods and high-strength titanium alloy further development of.

Titanium is a titanium-based alloy titanium bars by adding other elements. Titanium has two allomorphs: The following 882 ℃ is hcp α titanium, 882 ℃ or more for the body-centered cubic β titanium. Alloying elements according to their impact on the phase transition temperature can be divided into three categories: ① stable α phase, phase transformation element is α stabilizing element, aluminum, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Which is the main alloying elements aluminum alloy, it improve temperature and high-temperature strength of the alloy, reduce, and increase the elastic modulus had a marked effect. ② stable β phase, the phase transition temperature of the lower element of β stabilizing element, can be divided into the same crystal type and eutectoid two. The application of the titanium wire former molybdenum products titanium, niobium and vanadium; the latter are chromium, manganese, copper, iron, and silicon. ③ small element of the phase transition temperature of the neutral element, zirconium and tin.

From the medical field, the material titanium experiment many metal transplanted into the human body, in relative terms the most rational is titanium, because titanium and human contact does not cause allergies, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and other phenomena, but also can be a good titanium in bone tissue, epithelial, knot hoof tissue perfect combination of good, there are all these advantages, you will think thin titanium sheet of other metal than titanium, okay? So titanium porcelain teeth naturally become the most common metal transplanted into the body of the metal. Titanium transplanted into the oral cavity, there is a not affect taste, can x-ray projection effects and will not cause check does not regard the effect of bad influence people diet.

 

Performance Titanium

Medical titanium supplier is a new titanium metal, titanium and carbon contained in the performance, nitrogen, hydrogen , oxygen, etc. related impurities, the most pure titanium iodide impurities is not more than 0.1%, but lower titanium alloy plate strength, high ductility. 99.5% for the performance of industrial pure titanium: density ρ = 4.5g / cm3, a melting point of 1800 ℃, thermal conductivity λ = 15.24W / (mK), tensile strength σb = 539MPa, elongation δ = 25%, necking rate ψ = 25%, the elastic modulus E = 1.078 × 105MPa, the hardness HB195.

 Density medical titanium plate titanium alloys generally about 4.5g / cm3, only 60% of steel , close to the strength of ordinary strength titanium steel, some high-strength titanium alloy over the strength of the many structural steel. Therefore, the ratio of titanium alloy strength (strength / density) is much larger than other metallic structural materials, the unit can be made of high strength, rigidity, lightweight parts and components. Currently aircraft engine components, skeleton, skin, so the use of titanium fasteners and landing gear.

Alloying elements according to their impact on the phase transition temperature can be divided into three categories

① stable α phase, phase transformation element is α stabilizing element, aluminum, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Wherein the aluminum alloy is the main alloying elements, and its improved high-temperature strength of the alloy at room temperature, reduce the proportion, significantly increase effective elastic modulus

② stable β phase, the phase transition temperature of the lower element of β stabilizing element, can be divided into the same crystal type and eutectoid two. Application of titanium alloy plate products
The former molybdenum, niobium, vanadium; the latter are chromium, manganese, copper, iron, and silicon.
③ small element of the phase transition temperature of the neutral element, zirconium and tin.
Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen are the main impurities of titanium. Oxygen and nitrogen in the α phase has a greater solubility of medical titanium plate  significant strengthening effect but the plastic drop. Usually it provides the titanium content of oxygen and nitrogen in the 0.15 to 0.2% and 0.04% to 0.05% or less, respectively. The solubility of hydrogen in the α phase is very small, titanium dissolved hydrogen will produce excess hydride, the alloy becomes brittle. Titanium usually hydrogen content control 0.015%. Hydrogen was dissolved in titanium is reversible, can be removed by vacuum annealing.

Titanium plate having stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility

Titanium alloy plate Extremely hard, lightweight, can resist erosion. In general, mainly for engineering and aviation industries. Titanium is also used in jewelry and only recently its popularity index is on the rise.

Titanium whole distributor Also known as space metal, having the characteristics of the future, hard and tough, corrosion-resistant, bright silver, not black, not allergic to any person, it is the only no effect on the human autonomic metals. Its unique high polished silver tone whether, silk, matt has a very good performance, in addition to gold, silver jewelry the most suitable material, commonly known as titanium market.
Medical titanium plate widely used in the medical field, titanium has stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility, in the human body, can resist the corrosive and non-toxic secretions, adapts to any sterilization method. Titanium products because the hotel has a corrosion resistance, high stability, in substance and when it touches, no chemical reaction.

Titanium applications in medicine surgical implant titanium

Titanium applications in industrial manufacture increasingly broad ax , and the application in the civilian medical devices are also beginning totitanium bar for sale show common state. In medical applications , titanium can be used as a bone for transplantation into humans .    According to the British " Daily Times " on November 4 daily to London from fog caused numerous traffic accidents , one of which is two cars rear-end , where a young couple on the spot on the car knocked dizzy and hurt women head has a lot of bleeding.    With the help of enthusiastic people live under the hurt was taken to hospital immediately . Hospital emergency room staff immediately conduct the inspection, found that women significantly hurt the head hematoma , must undergo an operation and has more than 30 ml . During the surgery doctors found that the patient's head a little piece of bone , usually the bones to go back to fill in half a year later , then a piece of bone less how to do it now ? According to experts, doctors at the hospital explained: wound directly above the scalp , scalp has grown titanium grade 2 sheet well, you can use a titanium plate to replace bone Jieshang Qu , because the long head swear on the scalp , so it will not affect hair growth , and will not affect beautiful lady , the surgery is very successful.

titanium standard parts Titanium porcelain teeth is how it happened

seamless titanium tube porcelain teeth is how it happened, titanium porcelain teeth for how much you have to know it, titanium porcelain teeth are made of how it happened, through the following article to let us know next. Please To a regular hospital for treatment. 
1 Titanium has excellent chemical stability and biocompatibility, titanium porcelain teeth without any reaction from human tissue. buy titanium sheet porcelain teeth do not cause inflammation of the gums, black neck edge, mouth Cavity metal odor and other issues.
2 titanium non-magnetic, titanium porcelain dental X-rays can penetrate, does not affect the MRI, X-ray film, CT, etc., titanium porcelain teeth without prejudice to future medical examination.
3 lightweight titanium porcelain teeth less than 1/6 Other ceramic alloy.
4 can be said that there are many benefits of titanium dental porcelain, titanium is the metal of the 21st century medical, 

Medical titanium bar for applications in medicine

The orthopaedic rehabilitation of traditional Chinese medicine with the 
application of titanium bar priceTitanium mesh in the customer's reconstruction to kind of effect is good, only a wide range of applications, the purpose is to explore the titanium mesh in skull defects, four limbs which defect, large chest wall defect, palm phalanx
fractures and jaw facial fracture reliability and superiority of orthopedic
diseases related to application, the method is to collect the titanium mesh in
maxillofacial bone defects, large chest seamless titanium tube defect and skull defect, limbs long bone defects of bone, bone diseases such as palm refers to fracture repair 

Medical titanium bar and titanium alloy surface shading techniques

Coloring treatment of titanium and titanium alloys : titanium and titanium alloy surface is silver , with excellent corrosion resistance , titanium if you want to perform a variety of shading . About three baoji titanium industry coloring method in three ways: atmospheric oxidation, anodic oxidation, chemical treatment . Now the most commonly used is the anodic oxidation. We will be a test to intuitively understand the anodic oxidation. First, now with the solution. The aqueous solution was distilled with sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid concentration is low , less than 1:10. Begin to make experiments with waste titanium bar price anode , cathode with a thick copper wire when

Titanium alloy plate

Titanium alloy plate

Titanium alloy implants in the human body for medical devices, prostheses or artificial organs and adjuvant therapy equipment.
Mainly titanium 6 aluminum 4 vanadium, titanium, aluminum 5 2.5 Sn, ELI titanium 6 aluminum 4 vanadium alloy. Titanium whole distributor have high specific strength and mechanical properties close to human bones, strength is far superior to titanium plate , also has anti-fatigue, excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility characteristics.
Widely used in a variety of artificial joints, artificial bone, bone fixation devices, dentures, dental inlay, fixed bridges.

What is the role of titanium

What is the role of titanium

Titanium is a very special metal texture is very light, but very tough and resistant to corrosion, it does not like the silver will turn black, at room temperature for life to maintain their color. The melting point of titanium and platinum microstructure similar, so commonly used in aerospace. Military precision components. Plus current and after chemical treatment, will produce different colors.
     Titanium as its name suggests is a kind of heroic metal, silver bright, light, fast. Chemically, the famous strong corrosive "aqua regia" can swallow silver, gold, and even the so-called "stainless" steel erosion, become rusty, beyond recognition. However, the "aqua regia" titanium wire but do nothing. In the "aqua regia" soak the titanium years, still shiny, brilliant! Has excellent resistance to acid corrosion; if the titanium added to stainless steel, an increase of only one percent or so, greatly enhance the ability of anti-rust. Titanium stable at room temperature in air; because titanium has a low density, excellent high temperature properties, corrosion resistance, high strength titanium alloy, its small density, high strength, density is half the strength of steel and steel but almost; both resistant titanium high temperature, and low temperature. At -253 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ such a wide temperature range to maintain a high intensity. These advantages are precisely the space necessary for the metal. Titanium alloys are making rocket motor cases and satellites, spacecraft good material. Titanium has a "Space Metal" said. Because of these advantages of titanium, so since the 1950s, became prominent precious metals.
     Titanium is a pure metal, titanium because "pure", so when it is in contact with the material and does not produce a chemical reaction. That is, because the corrosion resistance of titanium, high stability, and people make it in the future long-term exposure does not affect its nature, so it will not cause human allergies, it is the only no impact on human autonomic and taste metal. Titanium is also known as "pro-biological metals." Titanium in medicine has a unique purpose. In bone lesions, with titanium and titanium screws well, a few months, the president of the bones in the titanium plates and screws are threaded inside. New muscle on the package on the titanium film, this "titanium bone" is really the same as the bones, and even artificial bone with titanium instead of human bone fracture treatment.
     Because of these characteristics of titanium, which is both unique high polished silver tone. Mercerized. Matt has a very good performance, is the most appropriate addition to precious metals platinum, gold jewelry metal, often used in modern jewelry design abroad. However, due to the high technical requirements for processing of titanium, cast molding is difficult with ordinary equipment, with ordinary tools and it is difficult to be welded together, it is difficult to form a production scale. Thus, in the domestic jewelry market is difficult to see it in sight, commonly known as titanium market.
     Titanium has the future of qualities, able to increase significantly temperament, while timeless, light texture but exceptionally strong, internationally popular jewelry timber. As models design, minimalist clean cut, high and low profile design of the avant-garde style, young white-collar highly respected.

The difference between titanium and titanium alloys

The difference between titanium and titanium alloys

Is elemental titanium rings, titanium alloy is a mixture. Thus the nature of the titanium alloy having a more diverse and more extensive use.
Concept definition Titanium: titanium-based alloy is added to other elements of the alloy known as titanium. Titanium has a low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, good process performance, etc., is an ideal material for aerospace engineering structures.
Scope of the study: the structure of titanium and titanium alloys can be divided into heat resistant titanium, titanium alloy or α, β-type titanium alloys and α + β type titanium alloy. Scope of the study also includes forming technology of titanium alloys, powder metallurgy technology, rapid solidification technology, titanium and other military and civilian.
Titanium is a new structural material, it has excellent performance, such as low density (~ 4.5g · cm-3), high specific strength and fracture toughness, fatigue strength and resistance to crack growth is good, good low-temperature toughness, excellent corrosion resistance, the maximum operating temperature of some titanium alloys for 550ºC, is expected to reach 700ºC. So it gets in the aviation, aerospace, chemical, shipbuilding and other industrial sectors increasingly widely used, is developing rapidly. (Σ0.2 / density) versus temperature of light alloy, steel, etc., stronger than titanium rods than other light metals, steels and nickel alloys, and this advantage can be maintained to about 500ºC, so some titanium alloys suitable for manufacturing gas turbine components. Approximately 80% of titanium production for the aviation and aerospace industries. Airframe structural materials such as the US B-1 bomber, the titanium about 21%, mainly used in the manufacture of the fuselage, wings, skin, and bearing components. Airframe structural materials F-15 fighter, the titanium alloy with a capacity of 7000kg, accounting for about 34% of the weight of the structure. Boeing 757 aircraft structural parts, titanium or about 5%, with a capacity of 3640 kg. McDonnell Douglas (Mc-Donnell-Dounlas) produced by DC10 aircraft alloy with a capacity 5500kg, accounting for more than 10% of the weight of the structure. The amount of titanium in the chemical and general engineering areas: United States accounts for about 15% of its production in Europe accounts for about 40%. Due to the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium and its alloys, good mechanical properties, as well as qualified histocompatibility, making for the production of biological materials such as prosthetic devices.

Titanium p

Titanium p

Concept definition: titanium-based alloy is added to other elements of the alloy known as titanium. Titanium has a low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, good process performance, etc., is an ideal material for aerospace engineering structures.
Scope of the study: the structure of titanium and titanium alloys can be divided into heat resistant titanium, titanium alloy or α, β-type titanium alloys and α + β type titanium alloy. Scope of the study also includes forming technology of titanium alloys, powder metallurgy technology, rapid solidification technology, titanium and other military and civilian.

(1) the development process
In the early 1950s - early 1970s
Demand for power: To meet the needs of the aviation industry for materials, titanium and attention to the development of technology based primarily on metallurgy and technology.
Main features: This phase is characterized by the gradual shift from exploration and research applications of the material. The main materials are Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, mainly for aircraft engines, space pressure vessel, such as the engine casing.
Typical results and products: Typical materials: Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn

70 years to 90 years
Demand for power: to expand the application fields of titanium, titanium industry has been developing rapidly, new technology and new technology to promote the development of titanium forming process.
Main features: This stage is characterized by: (1)titanium alloy increasing amount of applications in the aerospace industry and in other industries such as marine engineering, chemical, electric power, metallurgy, medical, and other applications are increasing, becoming the third metal. (2) new titanium continue to come out, such as high-strength titanium alloys, heat-resistant titanium alloy. (3) the use of new technology such as super plastic forming, rapid solidification technology and isothermal forging. (4) To expand the application emphasis on reducing costs.
Typical results and products: Typical materials: Ti-1100, Ti-1023, IMI834, Timetal62S, SP-700, etc.
(2) the current level and development trend
Titanium is used widely in the aerospace industry of a metal material, use can be divided into structural titanium and high temperature titanium alloy (use temperature> 400 ℃).
Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V to representatives, the alloy has been widely used on aircraft, missiles, and by the time the main load-bearing structural components turn structure. To accommodate the higher strength and toughness requirements (such as strength increased to 1275 ~ 1373MPa, strength increased to 29 ~ 33, the elastic modulus increased to 196GPa), developed in recent years, many new titanium alloy, such as the United States, Ti-15V-3Cr -3Sn-3Al; Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (β-C), Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-0.23Si, Ti-4.5Al-1.5Cr; British Ti-4Al -4Mo-2Sn-0.5Si (IMI500), Japan SPF00, CR800, SP700 and the former Soviet Union and other BT22. Where Ti-15-333 casting and β-C can be replaced precipitation hardening stainless steel and nickel-based alloys, Ti-6-22-22 in the United States Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) prototype F-22A in the accounts for 22% (by weight) . Japan's SP700 (Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Mo-2Fe), only high strength, and superplasticity at up to 755 ℃, elongation up to 2000%, good formability, low cost, can replace Ti-6Al-4V has been used in aerospace components.
High temperature titanium alloy made some progress in recent years in the field, the United States and Britain dominate. But the two methods used to develop and focus is different. The United Kingdom is the α-phase solid solution strengthening the necessary means for improving the creep strength without β phase coexistence approach, focusing on the study of nearly α type alloys, namely the development in order to improve the creep strength based Ti-4Al-2Sn- 4Mo-0.5Si (using temperature 400 ℃), Ti-11Sn-2.25Al-5Zr-1Mo-0.2Si (IMI679, use temperature 450 ℃), Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.25Si (IMI685) alloys and to improve the fatigue strength based Ti-5.5Al-3.5Sn-3Zr-1Nb-0.3Mo-0.3Si (IMI829) and Ti-5.5Al-4.5Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-0.8Nb-0.4Si (IMI834).
The United States is used to improve the fatigue strength at the expense of the creep strength of the method, focusing on high molybdenum content of the alloy studied, such as Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (6242, operating temperature 470 ℃), 6242S (using temperature 500 ℃) alloys. Subsequently, the research and development of the Ti-6Al-2.7Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-0.45Si alloy (Ti-1100), which uses the temperature increased to 600 ℃.
Recently, the US has developed a Timetal21S (Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2Si) (also known as β21S), the use of temperature 704 ℃, the catheter can be used in the manufacture of high temperature and pressure pipes, are preferable for the US National Space Plane (NASP) metal matrix composite body with the matrix material. Currently, these new high-temperature titanium alloys are not yet entered the practical stage.
At present, high-strength titanium alloy superplastic forming technology has developed rapidly, the trend is forming isothermal forging pressure and vacuum forming.
The United States in the development and application of titanium alloy, has been in the lead, according to statistics in the US aviation industry, titanium shaft consumption ratio of 70%, the United States in terms of forming titanium alloy, the main use of isothermal forging superplastic conditions and sheet metal forming. To reduce costs, expand the application, the United States launched a new alloy grades, such as Timetal62S (Ti-6Al-2Fe-0.1Si), vanadium and iron in the cost of generation is better than Ti-6Al-V, and the performance is comparable.
Titanium industry over the former Soviet Union has 35 years of history, its development process smooth, no big ups and downs. Production of a large number of the Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn similar series of high-temperature high-strength alloy and alloy, and studied the special corrosion resistant alloys, such as 4200,4210,4207 and so on, in the aerospace industry, the former widely used in the Soviet Union under atmospheric pressure conditions titanium superplastic forming process.
Britain in research and application of heat resistant titanium alloys with the United States each aspect advantage, but its emphasis on research in recent α type alloys, namely to increase the creep strength and vigorously develop focused alloys such as Ti-4Al-2Sn-4Mo-0.5Si , Ti-11Sn-2.25Al-5Zr-1Mo-0.2Si (IMI879), Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.25Si (IMI685), among IMI685 has been widely used in Europe.
In recent years, the Japanese in the study of titanium has also made great progress, such as to reduce the cost of developing the SP-700 (Ti-4.5Al-3V-2Mo-2Fe) alloy, forming properties of the alloy than Ti-6Al -4V. Japan's low strain rate superplasticity vacuum forming process.

Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys

Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys

Titanium is a silvery white metal, it has many excellent performance. The density of titanium is 4.54g / cc, 43% lighter than steel, lighter than the prestigious magnesium slightly heavier. Mechanical strength of steel but with similar, more than twice as large as aluminum, magnesium than five times. Titanium, high temperature, the melting point of 1942K, higher than that of gold near 1000K, higher than that of steel nearly 500K.
Chemical properties of titanium are relatively active metal. Can be non-metallic effect with O2, N2, H2, S, and halogen when heated. However, at room temperature, dense titanium oxide surface protection film is easy to generate a very thin layer, can resist strong acid or aqua regia role, showing strong corrosion resistance. Thus, the general metal becomes riddled with acid, alkali, salt solution, and titanium are safe and sound.
Dissolve almost all of the liquid titanium metal, and a variety of metals can be formed alloy. Join prepared titanium steel titanium steel tough and elastic. Titanium metal Al, Sb, Be, Cr, Fe, etc. generated between interstitial compound or metal compound.
The same aircraft titanium alloy aircraft heavier than other metals contained more than 100 passengers. Made submarines, both seawater corrosion resistance, but also anti-deep pressure, the dive depth increased by 80% compared to stainless steel submarine. Meanwhile, titanium non-magnetic, not mine found, with good anti-guardianship role.
Titanium has a "pro-biotic" sex. In the human body, can resist corrosion and non-toxic secretions, adapt to any sterilization methods. It is widely used in making medical devices, making artificial hip, knee, shoulder, threatening joints, skull, active heart valves, bone clip. When a new package in these muscles annulus "titanium-bone", these titanium bone began to maintain the body's normal activities.
Titanium is widely distributed in the body, in an amount of normal body weight not more than 70kg per 15mg, its role is unclear. But titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells, so that the immune system has been proven to enhance this effect.
titanium target compounds and uses
Important titanium compounds include: medical titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), partial barium titanate (BaTiO3).
Pure titanium dioxide is white powder, is an excellent white pigment, trade name "Titanium White." It combines white lead (PbCO3) covering performance and zinc white (ZnO) lasting performance. Therefore, it is often added to titanium dioxide in the paint, white paint made from advanced; in the paper industry as a filler added to the pulp; the textile industry
Man-made fibers as a matting agent; glass, ceramic, enamel industry as additives to improve their performance; used as a catalyst in many chemical reactions. In today's growing chemical industry, titanium dioxide and titanium compounds as fine chemical products, with high added value, the prospects are very attractive.
Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless liquid; mp 250K, the boiling point of 409K, there are prepared odorous. It is in water or moist air are easily hydrolyzed, smoke a lot of white smoke.
TiCl4 + 3H2O == H2TiO3 + 4HCl
Therefore TiCl4 in the military as artificial aerosols, which are still used in marine warfare. In agriculture, people with TiCl4 ground fog formation, reducing heat loss at night the ground to protect the vegetables and crops from cold, frost damage.
The TiO2 and BaCO3 obtained partial melt together barium titanate:
TiO2 + BaCO3 == BaTiO3 ten CO2
Artificial obtained BaTiO3 having a high dielectric constant, the capacitor made therefrom has a larger capacity, more importantly BaTiO3 significant "piezoelectric properties", the crystal under pressure will produce electricity, a power, and changes shape. People put it in the ultrasound, which will produce a current pressure, the intensity can be measured by measuring the current intensity of the ultrasound. Almost all of the ultrasonic instrument should be used to it. With the development and utilization of titanates, which more and more widely used to make non-linear element, an amplifier medium, computer memory device, the mini-capacitors, electroplating materials, aerospace materials, magnetic, semiconductor materials, optical instruments, reagents, etc. .
Titanium, titanium alloys and titanium compounds excellent performance prompted urgent human needs them. However, high production costs, so the application is limited. We believe that in the near future, with the titanium smelting technology continues to improve and enhance the use of compounds of titanium, titanium and titanium will be greater development.

Titanium Features

Titanium Features

1, titanium has stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility, in the human body, resistant to corrosion and non-toxic secretions, any sterilization methods are adapted. Because titanium corrosion resistance, high stability, and when it is in contact with the material, does not produce a chemical reaction. It is the only no impact on human autonomic and taste, and will not cause allergies metal. Titanium in medicine has a unique purpose. In bone lesions, with titanium and titanium screws well, a few months, the president of the bones in the titanium plate and screws are threaded inside. New muscle on the package on the titanium sheet, long-term presence in the human body does not exclude, so people call it "pro-biotic metal", worn on the body and on their skin contact as friends of metal allergy blessed.
2, titanium bars as its name suggests is a kind of heroic metal, silver bright, light, fast. For most chemical media have excellent corrosion resistance, chemically, the famous strong corrosive "aqua regia" can swallow silver, gold, and even the so-called "stainless" steel erosion, become rusty, unrecognizable . However, the "aqua regia" but do nothing for titanium. In the "aqua regia" titanium soaked for a few years, still shiny, brilliant! At 253 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ such a wide temperature range can maintain high strength. Therefore, the material made out of titanium metal products will not be deformed, will not fade, it is easy to maintain, just use a cloth and gently rub, it will restore luster, and the use of longer and better color.
3, titanium plate non-magnetic, high temperature and low thermal conductivity, and titanium in the X-ray radiopacity under semi-state, but does not produce metal artifacts in MRI examination.
4, lighter weight titanium material, in the same volume, only 60% of iron; 50% copper; 40% silver; 25% gold.
5, titanium widely distributed in the body, in an amount of normal body weight not more than 70kg per 15mg, its role is unclear. But titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells, so that the immune system has been proven to enhance this effect. Is widely used in medicine and sports fields. Titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells, and titanium has the ability to regulate the body's natural currents through cell ionization, the human body will produce beneficial physiological function and its chemical stability, will not produce the change or deterioration, beneficial to human health. Therefore, the use of titanium products can achieve mental relaxation, muscle relaxation, improve the effect, and stimulate blood flow, increased blood flow helps your body better scavenging material and fatigue factor pain produced by the bloodstream, effectively control the current disorder in the body. For bursitis, sciatica, headache these types of arthritis and premenstrual syndrome have a significant role to alleviate the pain of short, by regulating the body current to relieve muscle pain and stiffness, improve blood circulation.
6, titanium because of its high strength, elastic metal, the ductility is poor, so the high technical requirements for processing, the device is difficult to cast by conventional molding, with ordinary tools and it is difficult to be welded together, and can not change with ordinary equipment shape, in very very complicated process easy to break, it is difficult to form a production scale. Thus, in the domestic jewelry market is difficult to see the true sign of titanium jewelry.
Because of these characteristics of titanium, which is both unique high polished silver tone, satin, matte has a very good performance, and it is precious metals platinum, gold jewelry embodies the essence tied for the most suitable metal, modern jewelry design in foreign countries has been started, is very unique and innovative international jewelry timber. Because of its unique characteristics of the metal, metal health performance, very good jewelry implication, much young professionals, fashion respected.
Titanium jewelry is very popular in western countries, the Chinese people is a new thing. But China's titanium production is weak, foreign prices high, prohibitive. Only a handful of domestic manufacturers do real titanium jewelry production and processing.
Titanium jewelry can be colored by technical means independent, does not require gold, can also be embedded gems, jewels claw which high technological requirements, domestic and only a very few manufacturers can do, those who are difficult to Titanium technological breakthroughs, these technological breakthroughs in the country's premier, is also hard to find a few abroad.

The use of titanium

The use of titanium

The big strength of titanium, titanium tensile strength of up to 180kg / mm2. Some higher strength steel alloy, but the strength of titanium alloy (tensile strength and density ratio) is more than high quality steel. Titanium has good heat intensity, low-temperature toughness and fracture toughness, so much use as aircraft engine parts and rockets, missiles structure. Titanium is also used as fuel and oxidizer tank and pressure vessel. Now has titanium alloy with automatic rifles, mortar base plate and recoilless launch tube. In the oil industry mainly for various containers, reactors, heat exchangers, distillation columns, piping, pumps, valves and the like. titanium bar can be used as a condenser, and environmental pollution control device electrodes and power stations. Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy in the instrument has been widely used. In medical, titanium can be used for artificial bones and various utensils. Titanium or stainless steel as well as deoxidizer and alloy component. Titanium dioxide is a good raw pigment and paint. Titanium carbide, carbon (hydrogen) is a new titanium carbide materials. Close to the gold color titanium nitride, are widely used in decoration. Titanium and titanium alloys for the aerospace industry a lot, there is "Space Metal" said; In addition, the shipbuilding industry, chemical industry, manufacturing machinery parts, telecommunications equipment, carbide, and so has become increasingly widely used. In addition, due to the titanium and the body also has good compatibility, it can also be used as artificial bone titanium company. The corrosion resistance of titanium zirconium nitrate and titanium hydroxide
Zirconium is applied to the nuclear industry and at a high temperature and pressure used for corrosion chemical materials, but in the solution after its lively sodium. So, join the wave of zirconium nitrate solution live in titanium hydroxide solution where you will find the zirconium titanium nitrate shut (see figure). Can be seen, there is significant stratification figure above is zirconium nitrate, the following is a titanium hydroxide. We know, less than the density of titanium hydroxide, zirconium nitrate, but still able to maintain significant stratification, and to remain in the upper layer of zirconium nitrate, this proves the corrosion resistance of titanium. According to experiments, titanium into the seabed is not an average of 20 to 50 rot

Titanium Features

Titanium Features

High strength: the density of medical titanium alloy generally about 4.51g / cm3, only 60% of steel, titanium's strength was close to the strength of ordinary steel, some high-strength titanium alloy structural strength than a lot of steel. Therefore, the ratio of titanium strength (strength / density) is much larger than other metallic structural materials, the unit can be made of high strength, rigidity, lightweight parts and components. At present, aircraft engine components, skeleton, skin, so the use of titanium fasteners and landing gear.
High thermal strength: Temperature several hundred degrees higher than aluminum, at moderate temperatures can still maintain the desired strength, long-term work at a temperature of 450 ~ 500 ℃. Titanium in the range of 150 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ still very high specific strength, while aluminum fell significantly at 150 ℃ when strength. Titanium alloy operating temperature up to 500 ℃, the aluminum alloy is below 200 ℃.
Good corrosion resistance:titanium alloy sheet work in humid atmosphere and seawater, which is far superior corrosion resistance of stainless steel floating nuclear Ne Kou Fu jump inch too Dan coffee; for pitting, etching, stress corrosion resistance is particularly strong ; to have excellent alkali, chlorides, organic chlorine materials, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, etc. corrosion resistance. However, the corrosion resistance of titanium with a reduction of oxygen and chromium salts medium is poor.
Good low temperature performance: titanium at low and ultra-low temperature, can still maintain its mechanical properties. Low temperature performance, low interstitial elements of titanium, as TA7, at -253 ℃ still maintain a certain plasticity. Thus, low-temperature titanium alloy is also an important structural materials.
Large chemical activity: chemical activity of titanium is large, a strong chemical reaction with atmospheric O, N, H, CO, CO2, water vapor, ammonia and the like. Carbon content greater than 0.2%, it will form a hard TiC in the titanium alloy; at higher temperatures, and the role of N will form a hard surface TiN titanium alloy products; at above 600 ℃, the titanium absorbs oxygen to form a high hardness the hardened layer; hydrogen content increased, will form brittle layer. Absorbing gas produced brittle surface to a depth of 0.1 ~ 0.15 mm, the degree of hardening of 20% to 30%. Chemical affinity of titanium is also large, easy and sticking friction surface.

The difference between titanium and titanium alloys

The difference between titanium and titanium alloys

Is elemental pure titanium wire, titanium alloy is a mixture. Thus the nature of the titanium alloy having a more diverse and more extensive use.
Concept definition Titanium: titanium-based alloy is added to other elements of the alloy known as titanium. Titanium has a low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, good process performance, etc., is an ideal material for aerospace engineering structures.
Scope of the study: the structure of titanium and seamless titanium tube  alloys can be divided into heat resistant titanium, titanium alloy or α, β-type titanium alloys and α + β type titanium alloy. Scope of the study also includes forming technology of titanium alloys, powder metallurgy technology, rapid solidification technology, titanium and other military and civilian.
Titanium is a new structural material, it has excellent performance, such as low density (~ 4.5g · cm-3), high specific strength and fracture toughness, fatigue strength and resistance to crack growth is good, good low-temperature toughness, excellent corrosion resistance, the maximum operating temperature of some titanium alloys for 550ºC, is expected to reach 700ºC. So it gets in the aviation, aerospace, chemical, shipbuilding and other industrial sectors increasingly widely used, is developing rapidly. (Σ0.2 / density) versus temperature of light alloy, steel, etc., stronger than titanium than other light metals, steels and nickel alloys, and this advantage can be maintained to about 500ºC, so some titanium alloys suitable for manufacturing gas turbine components. Approximately 80% of titanium production for the aviation and aerospace industries. Airframe structural materials such as the US B-1 bomber, the titanium about 21%, mainly used in the manufacture of the fuselage, wings, skin, and bearing components. Airframe structural materials F-15 fighter, the titanium alloy with a capacity of 7000kg, accounting for about 34% of the weight of the structure. Boeing 757 aircraft structural parts, titanium or about 5%, with a capacity of 3640 kg. McDonnell Douglas (Mc-Donnell-Dounlas) produced by DC10 aircraft alloy with a capacity 5500kg, accounting for more than 10% of the weight of the structure. The amount of titanium in the chemical and general engineering areas: United States accounts for about 15% of its production in Europe accounts for about 40%. Due to the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium and its alloys, good mechanical properties, as well as qualified histocompatibility, making for the production of biological materials such as prosthetic devices.

Quality assessment of titanium and titanium alloy plates

Quality assessment of titanium and titanium alloy plates

     Quality titanium products depends primarily on the quality of titanium and titanium alloy plate. Titanium and titanium alloy plate quality process for the preparation of a variety of different, a big difference.
     HDH method using industrial methods can be prepared to take "normal level" of titanium and titanium alloy plate at the end, to the preparation of high-quality titanium powder is more difficult, the need to improve equipment and processes. Meanwhile, if you want the system to take high-quality titanium and titanium plates, must adopt new technologies, such as PBEP, MA, TGA and other technology. Most of the production process for these small quantities, high production costs, the operation difficult. However, under the stringent requirements of the aviation industry must develop these high-quality titanium and titanium plates.
     Powder metallurgy loose powder body is pressed into a certain size, shape, density and strength as well as certain briquettes.
     medical titanium plate forming method molding, cold isostatic pressing, rolling and extrusion, as well as new technology - metal injection molding.
     For pure titanium or titanium alloy plate pre-alloy powder, a powder is a single shape, just press the need to use the appropriate size, grain size, grain size distribution of titanium or a titanium plate, weighing and group approval.
     When titanium plate was prepared by mixing the elements, you must use the appropriate titanium and alloy additives, weighing, mixing and group approval.
     If you add a spare titanium alloy powder grain size and failed, as required to be re-graded. When grading common method is screening.
     If you use the titanium or titanium alloy powder bulk particle board uneven, or using two powder is used as a raw material, must be mixed. Commonly used mechanical methods mixer ball mill, V-blender, cone blender, mixer, etc. wine barrel shape. For the average grain size with a dry mix. For powder, especially powder, should be used after the mud gram staff, if a long time can be wet-mixed, liquid medium used for alcohol. Thus, not only safe but also to ensure the powder oxidation.
   For powder metallurgy of many metals, in order to improve the processing performance during molding, various additives usually added. But when you can not additive titanium and titanium plates forming the end. This is because titanium is very high chemical activity at elevated temperatures, any residual additive will contaminate the product, affect product quality.
     In order to improve and reduce friction when the mold wall and molding powder to prevent adhesion between titanium and die alone in the mold wall with zinc and other pre-lubricated with a hard, but also reduce the pressure stripping, stripping or the use of blank Act to prevent the workpiece and die adhesion.